Proto-Namuno-Ethian language: Difference between revisions
No edit summary Tags: Reverted Visual edit |
No edit summary |
||
| (One intermediate revision by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Infobox proto-language|familycolor=Namuno-Ethian|altname=PNE|region=Originally [[Namun river]]|era=4600 BNB - 1200 BNB|child1=[[Proto-Namunic language|Proto-Namunic]]|child2=[[Proto-Avannic language|Proto-Avannic]]|child3=[[Proto-Asco-Mantic language|Proto-Asco-Mantic]]|child4=[[Proto-Munic language|Proto-Munic]]|target=[[Namuno-Ethian languages]]}} | |||
{{Proto-namuno-ethians}} | {{Proto-namuno-ethians}} | ||
'''Proto-Namuno-Ethian''' is the reconstructed ancestor of all [[Namuno-Ethian languages]], including [[Phyrean language|Phyrean]], [[Ragham]], [[Toamts language|Toamts]], [[Ascon language|Ascon]], and many others. Despite there not being any written or spoken record of the language, modern researchers have what are thought to be fairly accurate guesses of the language's grammar, phonology and vocabulary thanks to reconstructive techniques such as the [[Wikipedia:comparative method|comparative method]]. | '''Proto-Namuno-Ethian''' is the reconstructed ancestor of all [[Namuno-Ethian languages]], including [[Phyrean language|Phyrean]], [[Ragham]], [[Toamts language|Toamts]], [[Ascon language|Ascon]], and many others. Despite there not being any written or spoken record of the language, modern researchers have what are thought to be fairly accurate guesses of the language's grammar, phonology and vocabulary thanks to reconstructive techniques such as the [[Wikipedia:comparative method|comparative method]]. More recent evidence, particularly the [[Ṣiḍḍa finds]], solidified these assumptions, giving an invaluable glimpse into a very late stage of the Proto-Namuno-Ethian language. | ||
== Origin == | == Origin == | ||
The Namuno-Ethian [[Wikipedia:urheimat|urheimat]] is reliably traceable to the shores of the [[Namun river]], where the [[Proto-Namuno-Ethians]] first became a distinct ethnic group by the early 4600s BNB. Though no written records exist of this era, artifacts found in the area match the theorised day-to-day life of PNE speakers: such evidences of husbandry (specifically of goats and horses), a fascination with phallic imagery, and beer-making confirm the connection, according to the majority opinion of linguists. | The Namuno-Ethian [[Wikipedia:urheimat|urheimat]] is reliably traceable to the shores of the [[Namun river]], where the [[Proto-Namuno-Ethians]] first became a distinct ethnic group by the early 4600s BNB. Though no written records exist of this era, artifacts found in the area match the theorised day-to-day life of PNE speakers: such evidences of husbandry (specifically of goats and horses), a fascination with phallic imagery, and beer-making confirm the connection, according to the majority opinion of linguists. The [[Ṣiḍḍa finds]], reliably traceable to a late stage of PNE culture, helped confirm some of these assumptions. | ||
The language spread around the northern and western [[Orddonach]] as a result of the [[Proto-Namuno-Ethians]] mass migrating into [[Orddonach#Phyrea|Phyrea]], crossing through [[Orddonach#Mune|Mune]]. | The language spread around the northern and western [[Orddonach]] as a result of the [[Proto-Namuno-Ethians]] mass migrating into [[Orddonach#Phyrea|Phyrea]], crossing through [[Orddonach#Mune|Mune]]. A small group of late PNE speakers also crossed the sea into modern-day [[Hermia]], and gave rise to a brief but influential population of [[Proto-Namuno-Hermic language|Proto-Namuno-Hermic]] speakers. Tracing the Namun river to its mountainous source, the now extinct [[Brenge culture]] also arose from early PNE, evidenced by their retention of very archaic elements of the language. | ||
== Phonology == | == Phonology == | ||
Latest revision as of 13:57, 2 February 2026
| Proto-Namuno-Ethian language | |
|---|---|
| PNE | |
| Reconstruction of | Namuno-Ethian languages |
| Region | Originally Namun river |
| Era | 4600 BNB - 1200 BNB |
| Lower-order reconstructions | |
| Part of a series on |
| the Namuno-Ethians |
|---|
 |
Proto-Namuno-Ethian is the reconstructed ancestor of all Namuno-Ethian languages, including Phyrean, Ragham, Toamts, Ascon, and many others. Despite there not being any written or spoken record of the language, modern researchers have what are thought to be fairly accurate guesses of the language's grammar, phonology and vocabulary thanks to reconstructive techniques such as the comparative method. More recent evidence, particularly the Ṣiḍḍa finds, solidified these assumptions, giving an invaluable glimpse into a very late stage of the Proto-Namuno-Ethian language.
Origin
The Namuno-Ethian urheimat is reliably traceable to the shores of the Namun river, where the Proto-Namuno-Ethians first became a distinct ethnic group by the early 4600s BNB. Though no written records exist of this era, artifacts found in the area match the theorised day-to-day life of PNE speakers: such evidences of husbandry (specifically of goats and horses), a fascination with phallic imagery, and beer-making confirm the connection, according to the majority opinion of linguists. The Ṣiḍḍa finds, reliably traceable to a late stage of PNE culture, helped confirm some of these assumptions.
The language spread around the northern and western Orddonach as a result of the Proto-Namuno-Ethians mass migrating into Phyrea, crossing through Mune. A small group of late PNE speakers also crossed the sea into modern-day Hermia, and gave rise to a brief but influential population of Proto-Namuno-Hermic speakers. Tracing the Namun river to its mountainous source, the now extinct Brenge culture also arose from early PNE, evidenced by their retention of very archaic elements of the language.
Phonology
Consonants
Proto-Namuno-Ethian had a fairly large 34-consonant inventory.
| Labial / Labiodental | Alveolar / Dental / Linguodental | Palatal | Retroflex | Velar | Labio-velar | Glottal | Pharyngeal | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unvoiced | Voiced | Unvoiced | Voiced | Unvoiced | Voiced | Unvoiced | Voiced | Unvoiced | Voiced | |||||
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ||||||||||||
| Plosive | Plain | p /p/ | b /b/ | t /t/ | d /d/ | ḱ /c/ | ǵ /ɟ/ | k /k/ | g /g/ | kʷ /kʷ/ | gʷ /gʷ/ | |||
| Aspirated | pʰ /pʰ/ | bʰ /bʰ/ | tʰ /tʰ/ | dʰ /dʰ/ | ḱʰ /cʰ/ | ǵʰ /ɟʰ/ | kʰ /kʰ/ | gʰ /gʰ/ | kʷʰ /kʷʰ/ | gʷʰ /gʷʰ/ | ||||
| Fricative | f /f/ | s /s/ | h2 /ç/ | rʰ /ʐ/ | h1 /x/ | h3 /h/ | h4 /ʕ/ | |||||||
| Trill | r /r/ | |||||||||||||
| Approximant | Plain | j /j/ | w /w/ | |||||||||||
| Lateral | l /l/ | lʰ /ʎ̝̊/ | ||||||||||||
Vowels and syllabic consonants
PNE presents 3 distinct vowels, with each having a long counterpart.
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | (i /i/)[1] | (u /u/)[2] | |
| Mid | e /e/ • ē /e:/ | a /a~ə/ • ā /a:~ə:/ | o /o/ • ō /o:/ |
Although tendentially vowels filled the role of syllable nuclei, some consonants were able to fill the void as well. These were nasals [m n], liquids [r l], and the laryngeal fricatives [x ç h ʕ].
Syllable structure
PNE syllable structure can be notated as (C)(W)(R)V(R)(W)(C), with C being any consonant except W and R, W being either [w] or [m], and R being any of [n r j l].